
In
1947, William Gaines inherited the EC Comic chain when
his father M.C. Gaines was killed in a boating accident.
Back then EC stood for Educational Comics and they mainly
published patriotic American history and Bible stories.
But, William soon changed the abbreviations to Entertaining
Comics. Soon after that he hired new writers and artists
and in 1950, EC launched seven titles, dubbing the release
a “new trend” in comics.
Originally,
there were three horror comics, The Crypt of Terror,
The Vault of Horror and The Haunt of Fear.
Each horror book had a character that introduced the
stories and commented on the conclusions. The Old Witch
as in charge of The Hunt of Fear, The Vault
Keeper ran The Vault of Horror and the Crypt
Keeper managed The Crypt of Terror which was
later renamed Tales From the Crypt.
Comic
book artist and writer Al Feldstein edited the horror
comics and wrote most of the stories with plot input
from Gaines. Feldstein and Gains told tales like no
one have ever read before in comics and took the horror
comics to a whole new level. Tales of revenge and retribution
were popular topics, and the results were always ghastly
and described and illustrated in great details. People
were axed, shredded, torn, ripped, devoured, and diced
in bright, gory color. Werewolves and zombies dripped
with blood and no demise was too grisly,
and no character was too dead to get up and stalk.
In 1952,
Feldstein began adapting stories by Ray Bradbury. Unfortunately,
they didn’t consult Bradbury first. But, the author
took the adaptations in good grace and reached a settlement
where he was paid twenty-five dollars for each story
used by EC Comics.
Unfortunately,
not everyone was a fan of the gory horror medium aimed
at children. In 1954 Dr. Fredric Wertham’s book,
“Seduction of the Innocent”, was
published, linking comic books to the rising tide of
juvenile delinquency in America. Now with the government
on the tails of the horror comic book William Gaines
went to testify before the U.S. Senate Subcommittee
to Investigate Juvenile Delinquency. But, when confronted
with one of his comic coves that showed a man with an
ax holding a woman’s severed head, Gaines argued
that such a cover would be in bad taste if, for example,
the severed head was held higher and blood was shown
dripping from it. This did not go over well with the
committee and it led to the establishment of the Comics
Code. The Code, which forbid even the use of the words
“horror” and “terror,” dealt
a devastating blow to EC’s New Trend and within
a short time, all horror comics were cancelled.
Fortunately
for Gaines his humor comic, MAD, was extremely
popular and switching MAD to a magazine format
meant it didn’t have to bow to The Comic Code
and Gaines left the horror field for good.
But
still no one could explain why juvenile delinquency
didn’t decline.

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